N34 patterns

N3 Grammar: Purpose and Intention

Expressing goals, intentions, and deliberate habits

Practice N3 grammar All N3 Grammar

4 points

Every N3 purpose and intention pattern

What each pattern means, when to use it, and the mistakes that cost marks in the exam.

V(辞書形) + ために / N + のためにfor the purpose of

Used to express a clear goal or purpose where the subject has control over the action. The following clause contains a volitional action taken to achieve that goal.

Common mistakes

Confusing with 〜ように for non-volitional verbs
Omitting the particle 'の' when used with nouns
Using with potential verbs or negative forms

Full V(辞書形) + ために / N + のために guide

V(辞書形・ない形) + ようにso that / in order to

Used when the goal is a state or something not entirely under direct control (potential verbs, negative forms, or intransitive verbs).

Common mistakes

Using with volitional verbs (should use 〜ために)
Using with nouns (should use 〜のために)
Confusing with 〜ようになる (change of state)

Full V(辞書形・ない形) + ように guide

V(辞書形・ない形) + ように(と)言う/頼むto tell/ask someone to do something

Used to report commands, requests, or advice indirectly. It is commonly followed by verbs like 言う, 頼む, 注意する, or 伝える.

Common mistakes

Using the imperative form instead of the dictionary form
Using 〜ために by mistake
Confusing the particle 'に' for the person being told

Full V(辞書形・ない形) + ように(と)言う/頼む guide

V(辞書形・ない形) + ようにしているto try to / to make an effort to

Indicates that the speaker is making a continuous or habitual effort to perform (or not perform) a specific action.

Common mistakes

Confusing with 〜ことにしている (habit based on a decision)
Using the wrong verb form before ように
Confusing with 〜ようになる (automatic change)

Full V(辞書形・ない形) + ようにしている guide

Other N3 Grammar Categories

Time and Sequence Cause and Reason Contrast and Comparison Conditions and Hypotheses Expectation and Judgment Emphasis and Degree Hearsay and Information Characteristics and Emotions Rules and Decisions Relationships and Topics Compound Verbs and Completion Formal Expressions Manner and Method

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N34 patterns

N3 Grammar: Purpose and Intention

Expressing goals, intentions, and deliberate habits

Practice N3 grammar All N3 Grammar

4 points

Every N3 purpose and intention pattern

What each pattern means, when to use it, and the mistakes that cost marks in the exam.

V(辞書形) + ために / N + のためにfor the purpose of

Used to express a clear goal or purpose where the subject has control over the action. The following clause contains a volitional action taken to achieve that goal.

Common mistakes