Search pages and navigate
Why JLPT N1 learners mix up 他意 (たい, “ill will; malice; another intention; secret purpose; ulterior motive; fickleness; double-mindedness”) and 良心 (りょうしん, “conscience”).
Both relate to internal motives. While 'tai' focuses on hidden 'other' intentions, 'ryoushin' focuses on the moral 'good' intention, making them confusable within the semantic field of assessing inner character.
On JLPT N1, this pair shows up as a vocabulary meaning question. You see one word and pick its English equivalent from four options — one of which will be the other word in this pair, chosen as a distractor precisely because of the overlap.
Reading the explanation is step one. Targeted practice is what actually moves a confusion pair out of your weak list. Free, no signup needed to try.
Practice N1 confusion pairsSpot a mistake in this explanation? Email us. Explanations are AI-generated and human-reviewed; corrections welcome.