JLPT N3 Grammar
· Intermediate
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· Intermediate
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Category: Contrast and Comparison
The grammar pattern "N + に比べて" is used to compare two things, focusing on the difference in degree, amount, or quality between the two subjects. It is a standard way to express contrast and comparison in Japanese. When using this pattern, it's essential to remember that the subject being compared is always a noun, and the comparison is made using the verb "比べる," which is in the te-form. This pattern is commonly used in formal and informal writing, as well as in spoken language.
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Te-form of the verb | N + に比べて + Te-form of the verb | 今年は去年雪がたくさん降っています。 |
| Noun | Noun + に比べて + Noun | 女性は男性よりもこの病気にかかりにくいと言われています。 |
| Adjective | Adjective + に比べて + Adjective | バスは電車よりも時間が正確ですよ。 |
今年は去年雪がたくさん降っています。
Kyonen wa kyonen yuki ga takusan futte imasu.
This year, it snowed a lot more than last year.
今年は (This year) + 去年 (last year) + 雪がたくさん降っています (it snowed a lot)
女性は男性よりもこの病気にかかりにくいと言われています。
Josei wa dansei yori kore no byouki ni tsukau ni kiku to iwarete imasu.
Women are said to be less likely to catch this disease than men.
女性は (Women) + 男性よりも (than men) + この病気にかかりにくいと言われています (are said to be less likely to catch this disease)
バスは電車よりも時間が正確ですよ。
Basu wa densha yori jikan ga sekkai desu yo.
Buses are more punctual than trains.
バスは (Buses) + 電車よりも (than trains) + 時間が正確です (are more punctual)
This pattern is commonly used in formal and informal writing, as well as in spoken language. It's essential to use the te-form of the verb when comparing two things. This pattern can be used to express a wide range of comparisons, from physical characteristics to abstract concepts.
When using this pattern, it's essential to remember that the subject being compared is always a noun, and the comparison is made using the verb "比べる," which is in the te-form.
This pattern is distinct from 'ni taishite' (contrast) and 'ni shite wa' (standard), which have different meanings and usage.
In formal contexts, it's essential to use に比べて instead of 'yori' to express comparison.
When using this pattern in the JLPT exam, make sure to use the te-form of the verb and the correct noun to express the comparison. Pay attention to the nuances of the comparison, and use the correct word to convey the intended meaning.
今年は去年 ______ 、雪がたくさん降っています。
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