JLPT N5 Grammar
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Category: Te-form Patterns
The grammar pattern 〜てください is used to make a polite request in Japanese. It attaches ください to the te-form of a verb to convey a sense of politeness and courtesy. This pattern is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when asking someone to do something for you. The nuance of this pattern is that it implies a sense of obligation or favor, making it a more polite way to ask for something compared to using the dictionary form of the verb.
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Te-form of the verb | Verb te-form + ください | 食べ (tabe) te-form of the verb "to eat" |
| Te-form of the verb with polite suffix | Verb te-form + ください ( polite suffix ) | 食べる (taberu) te-form of the verb "to eat" with polite suffix |
| Te-form of the verb with polite suffix and honorific | Verb te-form + ください ( polite suffix ) + ください (honorific) | 食べてもらいます (tabete moraimasu) te-form of the verb "to eat" with polite suffix and honorific |
すみません、もう少しゆっくり寝てください。
Sumimasen, mō sukoshi yukkuri nemete kudasai.
Excuse me, please sleep a bit more slowly.
すみません (sumimasen) - excuse me, ゆっくり (yukkuri) - slowly, 寝て (nete) - sleep (te-form of the verb "to sleep"), ください (kudasai) - please
ここに名前を書いてください。
Koko ni namae o kaite kudasai.
Please write your name here.
ここに (koko ni) - here, 名前を (namae o) - name, 書いて (kaite) - write (te-form of the verb "to write"), ください (kudasai) - please
先生：「教科書の20ページを読んでください。」
Sensei: "Kyōkasho no 20-pēji o yonde kudasai."
Teacher: "Please read page 20 of the textbook."
先生 (sensei) - teacher, 教科書の (kyōkasho no) - textbook, 20ページを (20-pēji o) - page 20, 読んで (yonde) - read (te-form of the verb "to read"), ください (kudasai) - please
このビールを飲んでください。
Kono biiru o nomite kudasai.
Please drink this beer.
この (kono) - this, ビールを (biiru o) - beer, 飲んで (nomite) - drink (te-form of the verb "to drink"), ください (kudasai) - please
この部屋を片付けてください。
Kono heya o katte kudasai.
Please clean up this room.
この (kono) - this, 部屋を (heya o) - room, 片付け (katte) - clean up (te-form of the verb "to clean up"), ください (kudasai) - please
The grammar pattern 〜てください is used to make a polite request in Japanese. It is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when asking someone to do something for you. This pattern is more polite than using the dictionary form of the verb, and it implies a sense of obligation or favor. It is often used in situations where you want to show respect or courtesy to the person you are asking.
The te-form of the verb is used to indicate that the action is being done for the benefit of someone else, which is the polite way to make a request in Japanese.
〜てください is used to make a polite request, while 〜ないでください is used to make a polite negative request. For example, "食べないでください" means "Please don't eat".
〜てください is used to make polite requests, but it is not used for commands or orders. For example, "食べる" means "Eat!"
In the JLPT N5 exam, you may be asked to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in the te-form. Make sure to use the correct te-form of the verb before ください. You may also be asked to identify the correct usage of 〜てください in a sentence. Pay attention to the context and the nuance of the sentence to choose the correct answer.
すみません、もう少しゆっくり______。
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