JLPT N5 Grammar
· Beginner
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· Beginner
Location/time/direction
Category: Particles
The particle "に" is used to indicate the destination of movement, a specific time, the location of existence, or the indirect object/recipient. It is one of the most versatile particles in Japanese grammar. When used to indicate the destination of movement, it is often translated to "to" or "at". When used to indicate a specific time, it is often translated to "at". When used to indicate the location of existence, it is often translated to "in" or "at". When used to indicate the indirect object/recipient, it is often translated to "to" or "for". The nuance of "に" can be subtle, and it is often used in combination with other particles to convey different meanings.
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Verb in the -te form | Verb-て行く | 学校に行く |
| Time expression | Time expression に | 7時に起きる |
| Location expression | Location expression に | 部屋にいる |
| Object or recipient | Object or recipient に | 友達にあげる |
毎朝、7時 に 起きます。
Mainichi, nanji ni okimasu.
I wake up at 7 o'clock every morning.
毎朝 (every morning), 7時 (7 o'clock), に (at), 起きます (wake up)
学校 に 行きます。
Gakkō ni ikimasu.
I am going to school.
学校 (school), に (to), 行きます (going)
机の上 に 本があります。
Mae no ue ni hon ga arimasu.
There are books on the desk.
机の上 (on the desk), に (on), 本 (book), が (topic marker), あります (exist)
友達 に 込めます。
Tomodachi ni tsukamimasu.
I will give it to my friend.
友達 (friend), に (to), 込めます (give)
東京 に 行きます。
Tōkyō ni ikimasu.
I am going to Tokyo.
東京 (Tokyo), に (to), 行きます (going)
The particle "に" is used to indicate the destination of movement, a specific time, the location of existence, or the indirect object/recipient. It is often used in combination with other particles to convey different meanings. For example, "に" can be used with the particle "から" to indicate the starting point of movement. It is also often used with the particle "まで" to indicate the destination of movement.
Relative time words like 今日 or 昨日 already indicate a specific time, so no particle is needed.
The particle "に" is used to indicate the location of existence, while the particle "で" is used to indicate the location of an action.
The particle "から" is used to indicate the starting point of movement, while the particle "まで" is used to indicate the ending point of movement.
Pay attention to the context and the particles used in combination with "に". Practice using "に" in different situations to get a feel for its nuance and usage.
毎朝、7時______起きます。
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