JLPT N4 Grammar
· Elementary
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· Elementary
in order to; so that
Category: Purpose
The grammar pattern ～ように indicates a goal or a desired state. It is used to express the purpose or intention behind an action. This pattern is typically used with non-volitional verbs, such as potential form, negative form, or intransitive verbs. For example, '忘れないように' means 'so that I won't forget' or 'in order not to forget'. This pattern is often used to convey a sense of intention or purpose, and it can help to create a more polite or considerate tone in Japanese communication.
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Potential form | Verb stem + うように | 見るように |
| Negative form | Verb stem + ないように | 来ないように |
| Intransitive verb | Verb stem + ように | 寝るように |
忘れないように、メモをしておきます。
Wasurenai yō ni, memo o shite okimasu.
I'll make a note so that I won't forget.
忘れないように (so that I won't forget) + メモをしておきます (I'll make a note)
後ろの人にも聞こえるように、大きい声で話しました。
Usiro no hito ni mo kikoeru yō ni, ōkii koe de hanashimashita.
I spoke loudly so that the people behind me could hear.
後ろの人にも聞こえるように (so that the people behind me could hear) + 大きい声で話しました (I spoke loudly)
早く病気が治るように、お祈りしています。
Hayaku byōki ga naoru yō ni, oinarishite imasu.
I'm praying so that the illness will heal quickly.
早く病気が治るように (so that the illness will heal quickly) + お祈りしています (I'm praying)
The ～ように pattern is used to express a goal or intention, and it is typically used with non-volitional verbs. It can be used in a variety of situations, such as making a plan, giving advice, or expressing a wish. The pattern is often used in polite or considerate language, and it can help to create a more formal or respectful tone.
Volitional verbs, such as 'kau' or 'iku', are used with ～ために to express a purpose or intention. ～ように is used with non-volitional verbs.
Volitional verbs, such as 'kau' or 'iku', have a dictionary form that is not used with ～ように. Instead, use the potential form or negative form of the verb.
～ように is used with verbs, not nouns. To express a purpose or intention with a noun, use 'tame ni' instead.
When using the ～ように pattern on the JLPT exam, make sure to use it with non-volitional verbs and to express a clear purpose or intention. Pay attention to the context and the verb form used to ensure that you are using the pattern correctly.
忘れない______、メモをしておきます。
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