JLPT N4 Grammar
· Elementary
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· Elementary
it cannot be; impossible
Category: Appearance & Conjecture
The grammar pattern 'Plain Form + はずがない' is used to express a strong negative conjecture or impossibility. It is the negative counterpart of 'hazu da' and implies that something is logically impossible or cannot be true. This pattern is often used to emphasize the impossibility of a situation or to deny a possibility based on logic. It is essential to use this pattern correctly to convey the intended meaning and avoid confusion with other expressions.
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Plain Form | Plain Form + はずがない | Plain Form: つく (to tell a lie), はずがない: つくはずがない (it's impossible that he tells a lie) |
| Plain Form | Plain Form + はずがない | Plain Form: 壊れる (to break), はずがない: 壊れるはずがない (it's impossible that it breaks) |
| Plain Form | Plain Form + はずがない | Plain Form: 小学生 (elementary school student), はずがない: 小学生にできるはずがない (it's impossible that an elementary school student can do it) |
まじめな田中さんが嘘をつくはずがない。
majime na tanaka-san ga usotsu tsukuhazu ga nai.
It's impossible that Tanaka tells a lie.
まじめな (serious), 田中 (Tanaka), さんが (polite form of 'he'), 嘘 (lie), つく (to tell), はずがない (it's impossible)
昨日買ったばかりですから、もう壊れるはずがないですよ。
kinou katta bakari desu kara, mō kowareruhazu ga nai desu yo.
Since I bought it yesterday, it's impossible that it breaks now.
昨日 (yesterday), 買った (bought), ばかり (just), ですから (because), もう (already), 壊れる (to break), はずがない (it's impossible)
こんなに難しい問題、小学生にできるはずがない。
konna ni muzukashii mondai, shōgakusei ni dekiruhazu ga nai.
It's impossible that an elementary school student can do such a difficult problem.
こんなに (such a), 難しい (difficult), 問題 (problem), 小学生 (elementary school student), に (to), できる (can do), はずがない (it's impossible)
This pattern is used to express a strong negative conjecture or impossibility. It is essential to use the plain form of the verb and the particle はずがない to convey the intended meaning. This pattern is often used in formal or polite language.
The pattern 'hazu da' is used to express a weaker possibility, while 'nai hazu da' is used to express a stronger possibility. 'hazu da' implies that something is possible but not certain, while 'nai hazu da' implies that something is highly unlikely but not impossible.
The pattern 'hazu da' is used to express a weaker possibility, while 'hazu da' is used to express a stronger impossibility. If something is just unlikely but not impossible, use 'hazu da'.
The pattern 'hazu da' and 'hazu ga nai' share the same connection rules. Make sure to use the correct connection rules when using this pattern.
When using this pattern in the JLPT exam, make sure to use the plain form of the verb and the particle はずがない. Pay attention to the connection rules and use the correct form of the verb. This pattern is often used in formal or polite language, so be careful with the level of formality.
まじめな田中さんが嘘をつく______。
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