N2Condition & Hypothesis

V-dictionary / N + につけ

Q: Is "Using the 'ta' form instead of the dictionary form" correct?

No. The correct form is "Use the dictionary form of the verb". The 'ta' form is used for past tense, but in this pattern, the dictionary form is used to indicate the present tense.

Q: Is "Confusing with 'ni tsurete' (as something changes)" correct?

No. The correct form is "Use 'ni tsurete' to indicate a change in something". 'Ni tsurete' is used to indicate a change in something, whereas 'ni tsuke' is used to indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.

Q: Is "Confusing with 'ni shite wa' (considering that...)" correct?

No. The correct form is "Use 'ni shite wa' to indicate consideration". 'Ni shite wa' is used to indicate consideration or assumption, whereas 'ni tsuke' is used to indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.

Whenever; every time

Definition

Meaning

The grammar pattern "V-dictionary / N + につけ" is used to indicate that whenever a certain event occurs, a specific feeling or thought naturally arises. This pattern is often used to express a cause-and-effect relationship between two events. It can also be used in the form 'A につけ B につけ' to mean 'whether A or B'. This pattern is commonly used in conditional and hypothetical situations.

Structure

Formation Rules

Form	Pattern	Example
Dictionary form of the verb	V-dictionary / N + につけ	見る / 写真 + につけ
Dictionary form of the verb	A につけ B につけ	良い / 悪い + につけ
Dictionary form of the verb	V-dictionary / N + につけ	何事 / も + につけ

Examples

Example Sentences

この写真を見る______、子供の頃の夏休みを思い出す。

kono shashin o miru ____ , kodomo no koro no natsu yasumi o oboeru.

Whenever I see this photo, I remember my summer vacation as a child.

この写真を見る (see this photo) につけ (whenever) 子供の頃の夏休みを思い出す (remember summer vacation as a child)

良い______悪い______、試験の結果は必ず教えてください。

ii ____ warui ____ , shiken no kettei wa kanarazu oshiete kudasai.

Please always tell me whether the test results are good or bad.

良い (good) につけ (whenever) 悪い (bad) につけ (whenever)

彼女は何事______、慎重に行動するタイプだ。

kanojo wa nanmono ____ , shincho ni ikō suru aji da.

She is the type of person who is careful in whatever she does.

何事 (whatever) につけ (whenever) 慎重に行動する (be careful)

Context

Usage Notes

This pattern is used in conditional and hypothetical situations to express a cause-and-effect relationship between two events. It is often used in writing and formal speech. It can be used in both positive and negative forms.

Watch out

Common Mistakes

Using the 'ta' form instead of the dictionary form

Use the dictionary form of the verb

The 'ta' form is used for past tense, but in this pattern, the dictionary form is used to indicate the present tense.

Confusing with 'ni tsurete' (as something changes)

Use 'ni tsurete' to indicate a change in something

'Ni tsurete' is used to indicate a change in something, whereas 'ni tsuke' is used to indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.

Confusing with 'ni shite wa' (considering that...)

Use 'ni shite wa' to indicate consideration

'Ni shite wa' is used to indicate consideration or assumption, whereas 'ni tsuke' is used to indicate a cause-and-effect relationship.

Strategy

JLPT Exam Tips

In the JLPT exam, this pattern is often tested in the reading comprehension section. Be careful to use the dictionary form of the verb and to understand the context in which the pattern is used.

In context