JLPT N1 Grammar
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In accordance with; based on (facts/reality)
Category: Method and Basis
The grammar pattern '名詞＋に即して' is used to indicate that something is done following facts, experience, or reality. It emphasizes staying true to the actual situation rather than abstract theories. This pattern is often used in situations where a flexible or practical approach is required, and it is essential to consider the current circumstances or facts. It can be translated to English as 'in accordance with,' 'based on,' or 'following.'
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Noun | 名詞＋に即して | 事実に即して |
| Noun (in the genitive form) | 名詞の＋に即して | 状況のに即して |
| Noun (in the dative form) | 名詞に＋に即して | 現場にに即して |
事実に即してありのままの状況を報告してください。
Jijitsu ni soshite arinomama no jōkyō o hōkoku shite kudasai.
Please report the current situation as it is, based on the facts.
事実に即して (based on the facts) + ありのままの状況 (the current situation as it is) + を報告してください (please report)
現場の状況に即して柔軟な対応が求められる。
Genba no jōkyō ni soshite jūgan na taisō ga motomerareru.
A flexible response is required based on the current situation at the site.
現場の状況に即して (based on the current situation at the site) + 柔軟な対応 (a flexible response) + が求められる (is required)
これまでの経験に即して新しいプロジェクトを計画する。
Kore made no keiken ni soshite atarashii purojekuto o keikaku suru.
Plan a new project based on past experiences.
これまでの経験に即して (based on past experiences) + 新しいプロジェクト (a new project) + を計画する (to plan)
実際に現場に即して、問題の解決策を検討する。
Jitsui ni genba ni soshite, mondai no kaikaku sakuteki o kentō suru.
Consider solutions to the problem based on actual experience at the site.
実際に現場に即して (based on actual experience at the site) + 問題の解決策 (solutions to the problem) + を検討する (to consider)
状況に即して、適切な対応が必要である。
Jōkyō ni soshite, tekiyō na taisō ga hitsuyō de aru.
An appropriate response is required based on the situation.
状況に即して (based on the situation) + 適切な対応 (an appropriate response) + が必要である (is required)
This pattern is used in formal and informal writing, as well as in spoken language. It is often used in business, academic, and professional settings where a practical and flexible approach is required. It can be used in a variety of contexts, including problem-solving, decision-making, and communication. In terms of register, this pattern is suitable for formal and semi-formal writing and speaking. It is not typically used in very formal or very casual contexts.
While both patterns are used to indicate a basis or reason, 'ni totte' is more formal and is used to indicate a rule or tradition, whereas 'ni soshite' is used to indicate a fact or reality.
While both patterns are used to indicate a basis or reason, 'ni motozuite' is more general and can be used in a variety of contexts, whereas 'ni soshite' is more specific and is used to emphasize the importance of facts or reality.
While 'ni soshite' can be used in a variety of contexts, it is not typically used to express emotional reactions or opinions. Instead, use other patterns or expressions to convey emotional tone.
When using 'ni soshite' in the JLPT exam, make sure to use it in a context where it is clear that the basis or reason is a fact or reality. Avoid using it in contexts where it could be confused with other patterns, such as 'ni totte' or 'ni motozuite.' Also, be careful not to use it in contexts where it would be more suitable to use a different pattern or expression.
事実に______、ありのままの状況を報告してください。
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