JLPT N1 Grammar
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While (at the same time)
Category: Time and Sequence
The grammar pattern "名詞 / 動詞ます形 + がてら" is used to express that while performing the primary action (often related to movement), the secondary action is also performed. The primary action is the main reason, and the secondary action is a convenient addition. This pattern is often used to describe actions that occur simultaneously, such as walking and buying milk at the same time. It is essential to distinguish between the primary and secondary actions to avoid confusion.
| Form | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 動詞ます形 | 名詞 / 動詞ます形 + がてら | 散歩をする + がてら |
| 動詞ます形 | 動詞 + がてら | 歩く + がてら |
| 動詞ない形 | 動詞ない形 + がてら | 歩かない + がてら |
散歩をする + がてら、コンビニで牛乳を買ってきてください。
Sanpo o suru + ga tera, konbini de gyūnyū o katta kite kudasai.
Please buy milk at the convenience store while walking.
散歩をする (walking) + がてら (while) + コンビニで牛乳を買ってきてください (buy milk at the convenience store)
花見をする + がてら、近くの神社へお参りに行った。
Hanami o suru + ga tera, chikaku no jinja e o-mairi ni itta.
I went to the nearby shrine while viewing the flowers.
花見をする (viewing flowers) + がてら (while) + 近くの神社へお参りに行った (went to the nearby shrine)
夕涼みをする + がてら、近所の公園まで歩いた。
Yūryōmi o suru + ga tera, kinmin no kōen made aruita.
I walked to the nearby park while enjoying the evening coolness.
夕涼みをする (enjoying the evening coolness) + がてら (while) + 近所の公園まで歩いた (walked to the nearby park)
This pattern is used to describe actions that occur simultaneously, often related to movement. It is essential to use the correct verb form (ます形 or ない形) depending on the context. This pattern can be used in various situations, such as walking and buying milk, or viewing flowers and visiting a shrine.
This pattern is specifically designed to describe actions that occur simultaneously and are related to movement. Using it with non-movement verbs can lead to confusion and incorrect interpretation.
It is essential to understand the relationship between the primary and secondary actions to use this pattern correctly. Mixing them up can lead to incorrect interpretation and poor communication.
～かたわら is used to describe actions that occur simultaneously but are not related to movement, whereas this pattern is specifically designed to describe actions that occur simultaneously and are related to movement.
When using this pattern in the JLPT exam, make sure to clearly distinguish between the primary and secondary actions. Use the correct verb form (ます形 or ない形) depending on the context. Be careful not to confuse this pattern with ～かたわら or use it with non-movement verbs for the primary action.
散歩______、コンビニで牛乳を買ってきてください。
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